http://www.alternet.org/books/how-obsession-test-scores-helps-produce-children-who-lack-creativity-and-empathy?akid=12683.294211.CCVNRs&rd=1&src=newsletter1030226&t=5
Excerpted fromThe Tyranny of the Meritocracy: Democratizing Higher Education in America by Lani Guinier (Beacon Press, 2015). Reprinted with permission from Beacon Press.
Carol
Dweck’s numerous studies show that an individual who believes
intelligence is “fixed” is much more likely to fail in the face of new
challenges, while an individual who believes that intelligence can grow
with hard work is much more likely to excel in the face of new
challenges.
Dweck first investigated the underpinnings of human
motivation as a graduate student at Yale University in the 1960s. She
had read about “learned helplessness” in animals. Psychologists at the
University of Pennsylvania showed that after repeated failures to stop
something negative from happening, most animals conclude that the
situation is hopeless and beyond their control. After such an
experience, the animal often remains passive even when it can effect
change, a state the researchers called “learned helplessness.”
No comments:
Post a Comment